In short
An API exchanges data directly between systems, usually in real time. CSV files are tables for importing and exporting large, uniform data sets. XML files represent nested records and are common in supplier feeds, marketplaces and older systems. Which solution fits depends on the systems involved.
API: direct exchange between systems
With an API, one system queries another directly or sends it data, for example when an order from Shopware should land in the ERP system immediately. The sync is event-driven or runs at short intervals. Both systems need to offer a documented interface.
CSV: tables for large data volumes
A CSV file is a simple table in which values are separated by a delimiter. It suits bulk data with a consistent structure, such as price lists or stock levels. Nested information such as variants with their own images is awkward to represent.
XML: structured records and feeds
XML describes data with nested elements. This works well for product data with variants, attributes and several languages, which is why many suppliers and marketplaces provide their feeds as XML.
Which option fits?
The existing systems help decide. If a supplier only offers an XML feed, it is fetched and processed regularly. If the ERP system has an API, a direct sync is usually the better choice. Many projects use several methods side by side.
You can read more about how we connect data sources to Shopware under Integrations and systems.
Learn more: Custom integrations